Review of Pakistan's footwear exports.

Byline: S. Kamal Hayder Kazmi

For developed countries, the exports are also a significant variable but their exports based on capital goods while the least developed countries' exports based on primary products. The prices of the primary products are low and more volatile in foreign markets. So the least developed countries suffer higher export instability challenges than the developed countries because of the inelastic and unstable demand and supply of their exports. The high degree of export instability for these primary products may have an adverse effect on the growth of developing states.

Various researches were carried out to check the unfavorable effects of export instability on economic growth that offered mixed consequences. These researchers have tested and explained that in most economies, export growth have made an important contribution to economic growth. But export fluctuations deleterious for this strong relationship between export and economic growth of any economy. It is also recorded that the price instability plays a significant role for instability in exports. The causes for high export instability in the least developed countries than developed countries are: specialization in production and exports of primary products, commodity concentration and geographical concentration of export markets.

Pakistan Exports (Million US $)

Year###Exports Value

1970-71###683

1980-81###2,799

1990-91###5,894

2000-01###8,934

2010-11###25,369

2018-19###24,257

In the developing countries like Pakistan the present statistics showed that Pakistan's exports grew 6 percent to $1.872 billion in September 2020, as against to the same month of previous year. It is said that the footwear exports from the country recorded a fall of 9.88 percent during the first quarter of the current financial year (2020-21) as against to the exports of the same period of last year.

According to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS), Pakistan exported footwear worth $33.463 million during July-September (2020-21) as compared to the exports of $37.133 million during July-September (2019-20), explaining pessimistic growth of 9.88 percent. In terms of quantity, statistics showed that the exports of footwear also declined by 13.47 percent by going down from 3,873 metric tons to 3,351 metric tons.

Among the footwear products, the exports of leather footwear fell by 8.59 percent as it down from $32.059 million previous year to $29.305 million during the current year...