Chinese diplomacy in Middle East: The road to regional stability.

The geopolitical landscape of the Middle East has been characterized by conflict for many decades. Saudi Arabia and Iran are two of the major drivers of this instability. Both countries have been engaged in a long-standing power struggle, which has played out in proxy conflicts in various regional countries, such as Syria, Yemen, Iraq, and Lebanon. In Yemen, for example, the Houthi rebels, who have been fighting against the internationally recognized government of President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi, were supported by Iran. The conflict has caused widespread destruction and a humanitarian crisis, with thousands of people killed and forced to flee their homes. In Syria, Iran has supported the government of Bashar al-Assad, while Saudi Arabia has supported various Islamist groups.

In Iraq, both Iran and Saudi Arabia have supported opposing sectarian groups. Iran has supported Shia militias, while Saudi Arabia has backed Sunni Islamist groups. This involvement of Saudi Arabia and Iran in Iraq has exacerbated sectarian tensions, which have caused instability in the country.

Saudi Arabia and Iran have also been involved in Lebanon through various means, including political support, financial aid, and supporting various factions within the country. Iran has supported the Shia military and political organization Hezbollah, while Saudi Arabia has supported Sunni political parties. This involvement of both countries has exacerbated the historical sectarian divisions within the country and resulted in social and political instability.

Iran and Saudi Arabia's rivalry has had a significant impact on neighboring countries. Pakistan and Afghanistan have been particularly affected by the proxy conflict between the two countries. Both countries have extremist and militant groups supporting Iran or Saudi Arabia. These proxy conflicts have exacerbated sectarian tensions and the already unstable security situation in both countries. China's role in the Middle East is also shaped by its interests. China faces a complex diplomatic challenge in the region. On the one hand, China recognizes the importance of the Middle East for its energy security, economic interests, and its role in discussions on sovereignty, intervention, and relations among major powers. On the other hand, China's increasing competition with the United States has led it to prioritize its attention and efforts toward Asia. Chinese diplomatic involvement in the Middle East has been a long-standing...