Social cataclysm.

Cataclysm as a concept emerging from strategic nexus of politico-socio-economic domain also contextually stems or draws for its exploratory, explanatory and descriptive power from Anatol Rapaport's Three Philosophies of War i.e., Political, Cataclysmic and Eschatological. Regarding Cataclysm falling under area of philosophy, Rapoport closely studied not just causes of war but also relationship between war and human nature. Theorists and Philosophers likened States to be similar to Humans in terms of behaviours such as in case of realism, liberalism and other theories as well as their various strands emerging distinctively over period of time. Correspondingly, the various schools of thoughts debated by scholars, academics and practitioners across Political Science, International Relations, Peace and Conflict Studies, Security and Strategic Studies, Governance and Policy, Law, Socio-anthropological-philosophical-psychological-cultural studies have a close link to study of violence. The persistence of violence as well as its intensifying is cataclysm. The intensification can have politico-economic nexus with social.

Moreover, war itself is organized violence. In modern world, the globalisation of world itself has led to increased and rapid inter-connection between countries, people, organisations, government and state causing complexity and uncertainty due to emerging warfare ('organised violence') domains and their respective types, form and nature. In third world, social cataclysm is a reality. In developed countries, the nation-states are out of the zone. In rapidly emerging and developing countries, social cataclysm may have a defining role before such countries manage to install such viable governmental set-up with state power that is established upon reliable security architecture and credible strategic infrastructure. Social cataclysm existed in the conditions of 1800s when the tug of war between state and empires was tending towards conclusion. An example is the re-unification (simultaneous, prior and subsequent to wars and reformation as part of whole process of formation of nation-state as well as respective political thought, ideology and philosophy) of Italy leading to rise of fascism as State rule solidified its sovereignty through wars and reformation to overcome the Church and Medieval Empires.

The word, 'Social Cataclysm' is found for first time in the letter written in 1871 by American General Albert Pike to Giuseppe Mazzini, the leader behind the re-unification of Italy. However, the emergence of Modern European Nation-States such as Italy and Germany as well as Soviet Union were linked with unification through reformation based upon political ideologies such as Fascism, Nazism and Communism. Mazzini's re-unification of Italy also resulted in Fascism. Interestingly, the letter mentions all three aforementioned political ideologies. Nevertheless, letter was allegedly in possession of British Library till 1970s but it denies any such...

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