Management of public utilities progress.

Byline: Ashley

Public utilities refer to the business that is responsible for maintaining public service infrastructure. Maybe it will be under the control of natural monopoly or the government. However, privately-owned utilities will be supervised by administration regulation. Generally, public utilities include electricity, water supply, waste treatment, sewage treatment, gas supply, transportation, and communication, etc. From the point of the trend of reform in some countries, departments like social security, urban transportation, cultural education and others play an important role in the development of society respectively with different ownership form and organization. However, an obvious trend of public utilities tends to weaken the monopoly of the state, minimize the purpose of profit and strengthen the socialization degree. The social and public overall interests are the main trend of public utilities, which is also the most essential characteristics.

These overall interests have irreplaceable functions becaue they are linked with national economic development. Therefore, the public utilities can be also expressed as the organization, departments or public enterprises that directly provide public products and services or coordinate interest relationship in all respects with the purpose of realizing public's overall interests and premised on social development and progress.

Generally, public utilities are different from ordinary enterprise, and they're mainly manifested in the following aspects: firstly, public utilities mainly provide labor services and it has few or no production of tangible products; secondly, the public utilities have a wide range of service, nearly providing service to all residents and organizations in the whole city, including free services; finally, it will bring economic benefits, social benefits, and environmental benefits to the whole city.

Urban public utilities refer to the construction and administration that engaged in urban water supply, heat supply, gas supply, and public transportation, etc, and it belongs to the infrastructure industry. Besides, urban public utilities tend to be essential for urban line operation and residents' daily life because they are the basic conditions for urban survival and development. The advancement and development of public utilities can promote the cities' labor and work efficiency and create a beautiful environment as well as good condition. It also reflects the cities' appearance, cultural standard, living level and the overall appearance of the economic level. The production of public utilities can be divided into two aspects, namely public production and...