India: rise of fascism.

Byline: Abdul Hameed - Peshawar

CITIZENSHIP amendment laws and the golden architecture of the Indian constitution's 'secularism', even if a later innovation, are intertwined into the architectural design of the Indian constitution. It is rooted in the ethos of the freedom movement and deliberations of the Constituent Assembly.

The design embraced diversity and pluralism, with reservations for disadvantaged groups and cultural rights for religious minorities.

Faith-based discrimination militates against the spirit of Indian constitution. It may lead to unforeseen injustices. Ready instances are sealing/confiscation of properties in Yogi Adityanath's la-la land - Uttar Pradesh - and the deportation of foreign students epitomised by German student Jakob Lindenthal, studying at the Institute of Information Technology, Chennai.

Speaking to an India newspaper from the Chennai airport shortly before his scheduled flight back home, he disclosed he received 'oral directions' to leave India from the Foreigners Regional Registration Office in Chennai.

Modi denied the existence of any detention centres in his Ramlilla, New Delhi speech. But The Hindu reported there are six jails, including Goalpara (Assam) that serve as detention centres also. An ex-army officer Mohammed Sanaullah, on bail, declared them 'hell'.

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